Semudziyo wepakati wekuyera mashandisirwo esimba mumasisitimu emagetsi, mamita emagetsi akaiswa muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvichiratidza zvese shanduko yetekinoroji uye kugadzirisa kune zvinodiwa zveakasiyana mashandisirwo emamiriro. Kubva kumakanika kusvika kune hungwaru, magetsi mita yekuisa zviyero anosanganisira akawanda mativi, anosanganisira anoshanda musimboti, chinangwa, yekuisa nzira, uye kugona kwekufambisa data. Izvi zvinotevera zvakarongeka zvinosuma marudzi makuru emamita emagetsi uye maitiro avo.
Kurongeka neKushanda Nheyo
1. Mechanical Meter (Induction Meter)
Mechanical metres ndiyo yekutanga magetsi metering maturusi, anoshanda pamusimboti we electromagnetic induction. Iyo magnetic field inogadzirwa neazvino uye voltage coils inotyaira aruminiyamu dhisiki kuti itenderere, ine kutenderera kumhanya kwakaenzana nekushandiswa kwesimba. Uku kumhanya kwekutenderera kunozofambiswa nechitima chegiya kuratidza dial yedhijitari. Nepo mhando yemamita iyi iri nyore uye isingadhuri-, ine dambudziko nekudzikira kwechokwadi uye kusakwanisa kufambisa data uri kure. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvishoma nezvishoma inotsiviwa nemamita emagetsi.
2. Electronic Meter
Mamita emagetsi anoshandisa maseketi emagetsi (akadai seanalogi-ku-madhijitari nemamicroprocessors) kuverenga zvakananga mashandisirwo emagetsi uye kuratidza data padhijitari. Zvichienzaniswa nemamechanicha metres, ane huchokwadi hwepamusoro (kusvika pa 0.2S level), akasimba anti-kugona kukanganisa, uye nguva yekutsigira-ye-kushandisa mabhidhiri nemamwe mabasa. Parizvino iwo ndiwo marudzi akajairwa edzimba uye maindasitiri metres.
3. Smart metres
Smart metres ishanduro dzakakwidziridzwa dzemagetsi metres. Dzinosanganisa mamodule ekutaurirana (akadai seLoRa, NB-IoT kana matambo emagetsi ekutakura) kuti awane kuverenga kwemamita kuri kure,{2}}kutarisa nguva chaiyo uye{3}}mafambisirwo ari maviri. Vashandisi vanogona kuona mashandisiro emagetsi data kuburikidza nenharembozha maapplication, uye makambani emagetsi grid anogona zvakare kugadzirisa zvine simba nzira dzekupa magetsi. Izvo zvikamu zvakakosha zve smart grids.
Kuronga nekushandisa
1. Single-phase metres
Inoshandiswa kune imwe-phase AC kuyerwa kwemagetsi mudzimba kana nzvimbo diki dzekutengesa. Inowanzo shandiswa munzvimbo dze 220V voltage, chiyero chekuyera chinowanzo 5 (60) A kana 10 (40) A, ichisangana nezvinodiwa zvekuremerwa kwemwenje wakajairika, midziyo yemumba, nezvimwe.
2. Mamita-nhatu
Yakagadzirirwa vashandisi veindasitiri kana vashambadziri vakuru, vanokodzera 380V matatu-masisitimu emagetsi echikamu, akakamurwa kuita marudzi maviri: matatu-chikamu chetatu-waya (hapana neutral wire) uye nhatu-chikamu chechina-waya (ine neutral wire). Mamodheru-echokwadi anogona kuyera mashandisirwo esimba repamusoro-mamotor emagetsi, matransformer, nemimwe michina, uye mamwe mamodheru anotsigira ongororo yeharonic.
3. Prepaid Meters
Kubatanidza tekinoroji yemagetsi nemakadhi eIC kana masisitimu ekubhadhara ari kure, vashandisi vanofanirwa kuwedzera account yavo vasati vashandisa magetsi. Magetsi anodzima-achidzima kana mari yasara isina kukwana inoita kuti mita iyi ive yakakodzera kutarisisa nzvimbo yepakati kana mamiriro ekurenda, zvichidzivirira njodzi yezvikwereti zvisina kubhadharwa.
Kurongeka neKuisa Nzira
1. Yakananga-Batanidza Meter
Mutsara wazvino uno wakabatana zvakananga nemutoro, wakakodzera kune yakaderera ikozvino maapplication (kazhinji Zvishoma pane kana kuenzana ne100A). Ichi chimiro chakareruka chinoda shanduko yemazuva ano yemhepo yakakwirira.
2. Transformer-Batanidza Meter
Yakabatanidzwa kune yakakwirira-voltage kana yakakwirira-maseketi azvino (sezviteshi zvidiki) kuburikidza nematransformer azvino (CTs) nemagetsi emagetsi (PTs). Mamita anongo shandisa-masaini emagetsi mashoma, kuona kuchengeteka uye kuyerwa kwemwero.
Kurongeka neData Transmission Method
1. Local Meter
Inoshaya kufambiswa kwemashoko uye inoda mawoko pa-kuverenga mita yesaiti. Nzira iyi haina basa asi inodhura-, uye inowanzowanikwa munharaunda dzinogara vanhu vakuru.
2. Kure Kukurukurirana Magetsi Mamita
Kutumira data pasina waya (GPRS/4G/5G), wired (RS-485), kana kuburikidza nemagetsi tambo inotakura (PLC) inotsigira gidhi otomatiki uye manejimendi, ichigadzira hwaro hwemagetsi akangwara.
Mhedziso
Kurongeka kwemamita emagetsi kunoratidza kukanganisa kwakadzama kwekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji pakutonga kwesimba. Kubva kumagiya emagiya kuenda kuIoT kutaurirana, magetsi metres haangoite metering mabasa asi zvakare anove makiyi node mumagidhi akangwara, akagoverwa simba zviwanikwa, uye kabhoni kusarerekera. Mune ramangwana, nekugamuchirwa kwakapararira kwe photovoltaic magetsi ekuchengetedza uye motokari dzemagetsi, magetsi mamita achaenderera mberi kushanduka kune akawanda-simba rekubatanidza uye edge computing, zvichipa tsigiro yeshanduko yedhijitari yepasi rose yesimba.